Understanding Microprocessor Knee Units: Enhancing Mobility after Amputation

Written by
Shea Teevan
Shea Teevan
Physiotherapist

Living with an amputation can present various challenges, but advancements in technology have significantly improved the quality of life for amputees, particularly through innovations like microprocessor knee units (MPKs). As a physiotherapist specialising in rehabilitation for individuals with limb loss, I frequently encounter questions about these remarkable devices. Today, let's delve into what MPKs are, how they work, and the benefits they offer.

What are Microprocessor Knee Units (MPKs)?

Microprocessor knee units are sophisticated prosthetic components designed to replicate the function of a natural knee joint with enhanced precision. Unlike traditional prosthetic knees, which operate mechanically and rely on the user's movements alone, MPKs integrate advanced microprocessor technology. This technology includes sensors and microprocessors that continuously monitor and adjust the knee's resistance and position based on the user's gait and movement patterns.

How Do Microprocessor Knee Units Work?

  1. Sensors and Microprocessors: MPKs are equipped with sensors that detect changes in the user's movement, such as walking speed and terrain variations. These sensors send real-time data to microprocessors housed within the unit.
  2. Adaptive Response: The microprocessors analyse the data and make rapid adjustments to the knee's resistance and flexibility. This adaptive response allows for smoother transitions between walking, standing, and other activities, mimicking the natural movement of a biological knee.
  3. Enhanced Stability: One of the key benefits of MPKs is their ability to provide enhanced stability and balance. The microprocessors adjust the knee's resistance to prevent falls and support the user during sudden changes in movement or terrain.

Benefits of Microprocessor Knee Units

  • Improved Mobility: MPKs enable more natural walking patterns, which can reduce strain on the rest of the body (particularly, protecting the ‘other’ limb from increased wear and tear) and promote better overall mobility.
  • Enhanced Confidence: Users often report increased confidence in their prosthetic limb due to the improved stability and predictability provided by MPKs.
  • Efficiency: The adaptive nature of MPKs means less energy is required for walking, allowing users to sustain activity for longer periods without fatigue.
  • Versatility: These units are designed to accommodate various activities and terrains, from walking on flat surfaces to navigating stairs and slopes.

Considerations for Users

While MPKs offer significant advantages, they may not be suitable for everyone. Factors such as individual mobility goals, lifestyle, and medical history play a crucial role in determining the most appropriate prosthetic solution.  

If you are considering the benefits of an MPK for your own prescription, I recommend having a conversation with your Prosthetist, as well as your Physiotherapist and wider rehabilitation team, to determine its appropriateness in your own unique circumstances.  As a physiotherapist, I work closely with my patients to assess these factors, communicate these with your Prosthetist, and recommend the best course of action.

While MPKs offer advanced technology and significant functional advantages, they come at a higher cost. It’s essential for individuals and their healthcare providers to weigh these factors carefully and explore funding options to make informed decisions that align with their mobility goals and financial circumstances.

Examples of Microprocessor Knee Units

Mr R. is one of my microprocessor knee user clients who uses a Genium X3 knee unit by Ottobock. The Genium X3 was selected for this client because it is water and dust proof, which will suit this client who plans to return work as a carpenter and works in environments exposed to high levels of dust and water. This client is considered a high level user, so the Genium X3 can facilitate an advanced level of mobility through its advanced microprocessor technology that controls the functions of the knee to a high level, leading to a smooth gait pattern, backwards walking, and a stair and obstacle function.

Mr T. is another client who uses another Ottobock microprocessor knee – the Kenevo. Mr T. is a relatively recent prosthetic user, and has been assessed as a K2 user, or that of a limited community ambulator - someone with the ability to walk amongst low-level environmental barriers, such as curbs, stairs, or some uneven surfaces.  The Kenevo microprocessor knee unit was selected because it offers microprocessor control of the functions of the knee, allows a varied walking speed of up to 3.5km/hr, and has different modes allowing differing features, that we use in therapy to work toward a more optimal walking pattern.

[row]The Genium X3 microprocessor knee
[row]The Kenevo microprocessor knee
[new-row] Genium X3 microprocessor knee
[row]Shea practicing his walking with a Kenevo knee unit at a recent Ottobock course

Conclusion

Microprocessor knee units represent a remarkable advancement in prosthetic technology, offering enhanced mobility, stability, and confidence to individuals living with amputation. As these devices continue to evolve, they promise even greater improvements in quality of life for users worldwide. If you or a loved one is considering an MPK or have questions about prosthetic options, please feel free to contact us here at Amputee Physiotherapy & Rehabilitation, or your trusted Prosthetist to explore how these innovative devices can support your journey toward optimal mobility and independence.

In my practice, I've seen firsthand the transformative impact that MPKs can have on the lives of my patients. Whether you're navigating daily activities or pursuing more active pursuits, MPKs are designed to empower you to live life to the fullest.

Remember, each journey is unique, and with the right support and technology, individuals with limb loss can achieve remarkable feats. Here's to embracing mobility and seizing every opportunity that lies ahead.

Maximise your recovery after amputation.

This Amputee Physiotherapy & Rehabilitation blog post aims to provide a comprehensive overview of microprocessor knee units, catering specifically to individuals who have undergone amputation. It emphasises the benefits, functionality, and considerations associated with these advanced prosthetic devices, offering valuable insights to empower readers in their prosthetic journey.

Contact us if you would like to speak with a member of the APR team.

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